Several types of Cordyceps sinensis, a parasitic fungus that germinates in living organisms, often the larvae of certain moths. In China, it is known as dong chong xia cao and is used in traditional medicine as a medicinal mushroom.

The caterpillar fungi shown here are on display in the Huqing Yutang Chinese Medicine Museum, just around the corner of the famous pedestrian Hefang Street in the Old Quarter of Hangzhou.